New Study Questions the Benefits of Calcium and Vitamin D for Bone Health

A major study has cast doubt on the long-held belief that calcium and vitamin D supplements help prevent bone fractures and falls. Published in the British Medical Journal, the research analysed data from nearly 154,000 participants across 69 trials. Most of those involved were not considered at high risk of fractures or falls before the study began. The findings revealed little to no benefit from taking calcium, vitamin D, or a combination of both. These results align with recent evidence questioning the routine use of such supplements. Olivier Massé, one of the study’s authors, said the outcome was expected given the growing body of research in this area.

David Goltzman, a professor at McGill University, pointed out that vitamin D levels naturally change with the seasons. Since these levels aren’t always checked, it’s difficult to know who is truly deficient. He added that for those already getting enough vitamin D, extra supplements—and even calcium—may not be necessary. Goltzman instead recommended regular exercise and a diet rich in vitamin D and calcium to maintain bone health. Few other methods have been proven to reduce fracture risk as effectively as exercise and osteoporosis medications. The study’s authors also suggested that future research might focus on different interventions beyond supplementation. Massé advised people to speak with their doctors before continuing or stopping calcium and vitamin D supplements. The decision, he said, should be based on individual health needs rather than general assumptions.

The study challenges the widespread practice of taking calcium and vitamin D for bone protection. With little evidence supporting their effectiveness in preventing fractures and falls, experts now recommend a more personalised approach. This includes assessing dietary intake, lifestyle factors, and consulting healthcare professionals for tailored advice.